Anet Baba Kishikuly (sometimes called Koshik, sometimes Kushik) was a renowned priest who lived from 1626 to 1723. Among the people, Anet Baba was nicknamed «the biy of biys.» According to the Kazakh genealogy, including the shezhire of Shakarim Kudaiberdiuly «Tobykty shezhiresi,» his origins can be described as follows: «From the Argyn tribe of the Middle Zhuz — Aksopy, from Aksopy-Tobykty, from him Ryspek, Dauletik (Thick Stick), from Ryspek — Dauan, Musabay, Kokshe, from Musabay — Suirbas, from Suirbas — Sary, from Sary — Kishik. From the eldest wife Kishik ata were born Sankimuryn, Beyimbet, from the youngest wife — Anet, Aitek. Anet’s eldest wife fathered Baibolat, his middle wife fathered Zhaubasar, who fathered Utegul and Man, and his youngest wife fathered Esbolat and Shaka. Anet’s younger brother, Aitek, fathered Olzhai from his eldest wife, and Kalkaman (the hero of the poem «Kalkaman-Mamyr») from his youngest wife. During the most difficult years of the Dzungar invasion, which are remembered by the Kazakh people as «Aktaban shubyryndy, Alka kol sulama» («The Years of Great Calamity»), part of the Tobykty clan occupied what are now the Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Kostanay, and Turgay regions, while others lived in the Kyzylkum steppes between the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, as well as in the cities of Bukhara, Tashkent, Turkestan, Sauran, and Shymkent. It should be noted that biys and batyrs (heroes) such as Yrgyzbay, Torgay, Kengirbay, and Bukharbay, originally from Tobykty, were widely known in those days. One ancient legend recounts: During the Dzungar invasion, Anet bi and his six sons fell into enemy hands, and his sons perished. Only his pregnant daughter-in-law survived. She gave birth to a son. The boy, as Anet baba’s only descendant, was named «Bakai.» The Aitek ata clan descends from Bakai. Aitek’s eldest wife begat Olzhai, and his youngest wife begat Baybori and Kalkaman. Baybori ruled the people and was highly respected. He was nicknamed «Baken.» Today’s «Bakens» are descendants of Baybori. Kalkaman was a courageous horseman, a batyr (hero). He committed a crime by falling in love with his younger sister, Mamyr. Anet bi sentenced him to death. On the biy’s orders, Kalkaman galloped in front of a horseman who was aiming his bow at him. Kalkaman was seriously wounded but survived. Resentful of his clan, he fled to the Alatau Mountains. Kalkaman found refuge in the village of the Uysin clan in Zhetysu, where his relatives on his mother’s side lived. The present-day village of Kalkaman near Almaty is where Kalkaman’s descendants currently reside. Anet Baba is one of the seven famous biys who participated in the compilation of the Zhety Zhargy (Seven Statutes) code of laws. He belongs to the Tobykty clan. In his youth, he graduated from the Sharif madrasah in Bukhara along with the Uysin Saryshuash and was fluent in Sharia, the body of Muslim legal and theological norms. He was known for his justice and piety. During the conflict described in the poem «Kalkaman-Mamyr» (appendix «Kalkaman-Mamyr»), Anet Baba orders the release of two young lovers from punishment. However, the head of the Mambetbay clan, Kokenai Batyr, opposed this decision. He set Anet Baba’s terms: «We will punish our disobedient one ourselves; you must kill your own.» Anet Baba was forced to make a decision: Kalkaman would have to gallop past Kokenai on a fast horse. At that moment, Kokenai fired an arrow at him. Kalkaman miraculously survived. Anet Baba had sons: Zhaubasar, Esbolat, and Shaka. All his sons by his senior wife died in battle with the Kalmyks. In the spring of 1723, the Dzungar invasion began, ushering in the years of the great calamity «Aktaban Shubyryndy.» During this time, Anet Baba was captured. Later, the batyrs, led by Kokenai, discovered the remains of the great Anet Baba and buried them in Turkestan in the Khoja Akhmad Yasawi mausoleum. It is unknown whether any descendants of his deceased sons remain. The infant children of his son from his eldest wife, Baibolat, were brought here: Baluan and Bakai. Baluan had no descendants. Bakai’s children grew up and continued the lineage. Anet Baba had sons from other wives: Zhaubasar, Esbolat, and Shaka. Anet Baba was an outstanding figure, known and revered not only in the Tobykty clan but among the entire Kazakh people. Famous biys such as Tole, Kazybek, Aiteke, and Bukhar Zhyrau, popularly nicknamed «the sacred throat,» received his blessing (bata).